Eczema is a chronic condition that causes inflammation of the skin. There are several types of eczema. The most common form is atopic dermatitis which can be triggered by foods, skin irritants, or environmental exposures. Eczema normally appears during infancy and often resolves by the teenage years. It most often affects the face, hands, feet, inner elbows and the back of the knees and causes an itchy rash to develop.
While it is believed to be genetic, eczema is also more common among infants who are formula-fed or received solid foods prior to 6 months of age and those with a family history of asthma or allergies. Atopic dermatitis, is thought to be due to a deficiency of a skin protein. Without this protein, the skin becomes more sensitive to environmental factors and irritants.
Patient will be free of rash and pain; patient’s skin will be free from excoriation and infection
Bacterial skin infections are common due to excoriation from scratching. Crusting of broken blisters may be present.
Routinely monitor skin to determine effectiveness of interventions.
Most flare-ups are related to sensitivities to foods, items that contact the skin, hygiene products, changes in weather and immune response.
Overwashing and using harsh soaps can make symptoms worse. Dry skin is prone to cracks and infection.
Allergy patch testing may be done to determine allergens and triggers for atopic dermatitis. Education should be provided on how to prepare for the patch test (no lotions, creams) and when to return to be evaluated.
Topical corticosteroids are the first line of treatment for eczema flare ups.
Wet-wrap bandages are sometimes used for more severe cases of childhood eczema, but must be done carefully to avoid serious side effects.
Oral antihistamines may be given to help relieve symptoms of itching and manage allergies. Be mindful of sedative effects of antihistamines.
Oral steroids may be given short-term for severe symptoms.
Parents must be educated to be aware of triggers (often foods) and avoid them.
Diligence must be given to ridding the home of other allergens such as pet dander and dust mites.
Itching is the most prevalent symptom. Long, sharp or dirty nails can cause secondary infections to develop on the skin.
Start a 24 hour full access trial for just $1.
Study Plans are available to NRSNG Academy Members only.Upgrade Now
